一、考情分析

二、高频考点

重要考点1 冠词

1.不定冠词用法：

指一类人或事，相当于a kind of (A plane is a machine that can fly.);表示“每一”相当于every/one;用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事;用于quite/rather/many/half/what/such之后;用于so (as, too, how) + 形容词之后。

注意：a和an的用法区别，“以元音字母(音节)开头的用an”。

2.定冠词用法：

表示某一类人或物(The horse is a useful animal.);用于乐器前面;表示“一家人”或“夫妇”;用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前。

3.零冠词用法：

名词前有this/my/whose/some/no/each/every等限制;季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前;学科、语言、球类、棋类名词前;与by连用表示交通工具的名词前。

重要考点2 词汇辨析

achieve“(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准)，完成，成功”，approach“接近”，attain“(通常指经过努力)获得，达到”，acquire“学到，取到”;

award“奖品、奖金”，reward“奖励、回报、悬赏金”，allowance“津贴、补贴”，prize“奖、奖品、难能可贵的事物”;

at times“有时”，to the minute“恰好，一分不差”，day by day“一天天”，around the clock“昼夜不停地”;

other than“除了……以外，不同于，不(常用于否定结构中)”，rather than“而不是……”，or rather“更确切地说”，or else“否则，要不然”。

重要考点3 动词时态与语态

1.现在进行时表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。She is leaving for Beijing.

2.现在进行时代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。The Yangtze River is flowing into the east.

3.现在完成进行时着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性时。

— Hi, Tracy, you look tired.

— I am tired. I have been painting the living room all day.

4.下面主动形式常表示被动意义：

The window wants/needs/requires repairing.

The book is worth reading twice. The door won’t shut.

The play won’t act. The book sells well.

The dish tastes delicious. Water feels very cold.

重要考点4 主谓一致的常见用法

重要考点5 同位语从句

1.一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容

I heard the news that our team had won.

I had no idea that you were here.

2.常见的可以跟同位语从句的词(抽象名词)

news, idea, fact, promise, question, doubt, thought, hope, message, suggestion, word (消息), possibility等。如：

I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.

3.常见引导词

连词that, whether

连接副词how, when, where等。(注：if, which不能引导同位语从句。)如：

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.

有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。如：

Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.

4.同位语从句与定语从句的区别

(1)同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，解释说明它前面名词的内容;属于名词性从句范畴。定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系，限定前面名词范围，属于形容词性从句范畴。

The news that l have passed the exam is true.

The news that he told me just now is true.

(2)引导同位语从句的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成份，而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除了起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如：

The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.

The idea that he gave surprises many people.

重要考点6 状语从句

1.时间状语从句

常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since, till, until

特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day, the instant, immediately, directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.

Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.

2.目的状语从句

常用引导词：so that, in order that

特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that, in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.

The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.

3.让步状语从句

常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引导词：as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装), while (一般用在句首), no matter…, in spite of the fact that, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.

The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.

重要考点7 虚拟语气

if引导的虚拟条件句的结构

重要考点8 说明型议论文的写作格式

说明型议论文是将议论和说明结合在一起进行阐述的一种议论文体，要求就某一问题或现象，正面阐述自己的观点，并分析说明其理由，通常要用例证对其重要性、必要性、利弊关系或正误关系等进行论证说明，有时还需要提出解决问题的办法或建议。在写说明文的时候，一定要注意安排好段落层次，采用一定的逻辑顺序，使文章清晰、有条理。在题目中通常以“How to…?”这样的问题出现。

1.文章布局

第一段 提出个人观点

第二段 分类介绍，有逻辑有条理地分析

第三段 做出总结

2.常用结构词

(1)首先：first and foremost/in the first place/firstly/what comes first should be/first of all

(2)其次：secondly/in addition/moreover/meanwhile/furthermore/in the mean time/what comes next is no less important than/of equal importance

(3)再次：thirdly, fourthly…

(4)最后：at last/last but not least/in the final/ultimately/consequently/……is also worth our attention

(5)一方……另一方面……

for one thing ..., for another...

on one hand ..., on the other hand...

one side of the coin shows…, while the other side implies…

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